Algotree > Algorithms > Bitwise > Binary to decimal conversion

Binary to decimal conversion

Converting a binary string to its equivalent decimal number

Binary_To_Decimal

The idea behind converting a binary string to a decimal number is as below
Starting with the least significant (rightmost) bit we multiple each binary digit with the power of 2 starting with 0. As we move towards the most significant (leftmost) bit we increase the power of 2 by 1. The resultant decimal number is the addition of all the multiplications.
Example : Binary string (0110)
resultant decimal = 0 * 2³ + 1 * 2² + 1 * 2¹ + 0 * 2⁰
resultant decimal = 6

Optimized algorithm : Binary to decimal conversion
1)    Initialize the equivalent decimal number i.e the result to 0.
2)   For each position of the binary digit starting with the leftmost digit do :
          result = (result * 2) + current binary digit (i.e 0 or 1).
3)    result is the equivalent decimal number.

Example : Consider a binary string : [ 0 1 1 0 ]

Bit Position	Bit	Intermediate Result (Result * 2) + Current Bit	Result
0 (leftmost)	0	0 * 2 + 0	0
1	1	0 * 2 + 1	1
2	1	1 * 2 + 1	3
3 (rightmost)	0	3 * 2 + 0	6

Equivalent decimal number : 6

Time Complexity : O ( n ), where n is the length of the binary string.

Program for binary to decimal conversion.

def Binary_To_Decimal ( binary_string ) :

    result = 0
    for i in binary_string :
        result = ( result << 1 ) + ( i == '1')
    return result

def main () :
    binary_string = input ( "Enter binary string : " )
    print ( "Equivalent decimal number : " + str ( Binary_To_Decimal ( binary_string ) ) )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Output

Enter binary string : 111
Equivalent decimal number : 7

Enter binary string : 1011
Equivalent decimal number : 11

Enter binary string : 1010101
Equivalent decimal number : 85

Enter binary string : 11111111
Equivalent decimal number : 255

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

int Binary_To_Decimal(string binary_string) {

    int result = 0;

    for (int i=0; i < binary_string.size(); i++) {
        result = (result << 1) + (binary_string.at(i) == '1');
    }
    return result;
}

int main()
{
    string binary_string;

    cout << "Enter binary string : ";
    cin >> binary_string;
    cout << "Equivalent decimal number : " << Binary_To_Decimal(binary_string) << endl;

    return 0;
}

Output

Enter binary string : 100000000
Converted decimal number : 256

Enter binary string : 0101
Converted decimal number : 5

Enter binary string : 10
Converted decimal number : 2

import java.util.Scanner;

class Binary_To_Decimal {

    public static int BinaryToDecimal ( String binary_string ) { 
        int result = 0;
        for ( int i = 0; i < binary_string.length(); i++ ) { 
            int x = ( binary_string.charAt(i) == '1' ) ? 1 : 0;
            result =  ( result << 1 ) + x;
        }
        return result;
    }   

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter binary string : ");
        String binary_string = sc.nextLine();
        System.out.println( "Equivalent decimal number : " + BinaryToDecimal ( binary_string ) );
    }   
}

Output

Enter binary string : 111
Equivalent decimal number : 7

Enter binary string : 1011
Equivalent decimal number : 11

Enter binary string : 1010101
Equivalent decimal number : 85

Enter binary string : 11111111
Equivalent decimal number : 255